Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder presenting itself along a spectrum characterized by difficulties in social skills, repetitive stereotypical movements accompanied by verbal and non-verbal communication difficulties. Each individual child with ASD presents with a differentiated profile presented in various forms along the spectrum. The clinical terminology of the disorder includes ASD, Autism or Pervasive Development Disorder (PDD).

About 1 in 54 children has been identified with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) according to the Center for Disease Control and Prevention, with predominance in boys rather than girls with 4:1 ratio.

Assessing individual children’s strengths and challenges will allow a better understanding of what is required to push children to achieve their potential. Children benefit in learning through various ways.

A particular form of behavior analysis known as Applied Behavioral Analysis (ABA) has been successful intervention program implemented specifically with children diagnosed with global developmental delay and autism spectrum disorder. It was established by Dr. O. Lovaas in the 1980s from the Department of Psychology in the University of California, Los Angeles. Significant research has been conducted and evidence-based papers published over the past 40 years in support for the success behind the use of ABA to help children with special educational needs.

Applied Behavioral Analysis (ABA) is a form of behavior analysis whereby the primary focus is placed on the principles of behavior behind which learning occurs. It is a well-developed discipline that has been established through the use of evidence-based practice, distinctive intervention methods and recognized formal experience. It employs the systematic application process of implementing interventions using research-based techniques behind the learning theory.

Implementation of ABA techniques is aimed at positive and meaningful change in behavior. ABA targets the development of appropriate behavior using specific interventional methods to improve significant social behavior to a significant degree. Social significant behaviors range from communication, academia, social skills and adaptive living/self-management skills including fine and gross motor skills, eating, personal independent care, domestic and work skills.

At present, there is no cure for autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and the cause behind the disorder has yet to be determined. Over 40 years of research has provided evidence for the success behind the implementation of applied behavioral analysis (ABA) making it a safe and effective intervention plan for children with ASD. Much research has focused on the importance of early identification and intervention coupled with the beneficial effects of early intensive behavior intervention on the individual development of each child.

Benefits of ABA include:

• Evidence based practice particularly effective with autism spectrum disorder, speech and language disorders and learning difficulties
• Specific observations are conducted within the environment in order to identify areas requiring behavioral change
• Parental involvement is encouraged to promote consistency and reduce stress
• Research suggesting early identification and intervention will result in better outcomes during later life
• Provision of 1:1 intensive therapy
• Individualized therapy tailored to each child’s behavioral and academic needs
• Structured teaching approach to develop skills
• Application of developed skills across unstructured situations
• Facilitating a motivational learning environment